Assess the view that the positions of men Essay Example for Free

Assess the view that the positions of men EssayOver the past some decades the eccentrics of men and women spend a penny alterationd drastically. These changes occur throughout society, within a family or in a relationship. In the past, the most common relationship between the two genders would lead been very different, with the men being viewed as much masculine and of higher authority, whereas the women of a society would hold back been viewed to have a stay at home role, where they would look after children and participate in household chores. During the 1900s women were seen a minority, where the slightest amount of freedom would have been frowned upon.Nonetheless over the years, as we have developed, so have the different role for both genders, this instantera twenty-four hour periods consists of sharing furrows equally in a household and around a pass awayplace. The most clear change within a family would be the amount of work the couple share, both in the house hold and outside of it. Since the 1960, where the civil rights act was released, it detailed that women were now able to work and should be offered equal opportunities as men, whereas in the past that would have been forbidden.Due to this seismic change, women are now able to provide for themselves, which in the past would have been extremely difficult as they would have essentially been dependent on their partners income. Gershuny, a famous sociologist, said that women who work full time would do less of the domestic labour jobs around the house. However statistics show this is incorrect. Women who work full time tend to still do 73% of the household chores, leavening only 27% to the men, who may or may not work full time. An equally significant aspect of this change would be the commercialisation of society today.Commercialisation of society is defined as the new technologies that have been introduced into todays world in order to accept basic household chores, which would have come upons several hours to do, to be completed within a few hours. The commercialisation of basic household necessities means that couples still have time to work and spend time with each other. For women, supermarket food products means they dont have to spend hours cooking and preparing food for the family. This would also mean, airstream clothes now has become much easier due to the washing machine appliance.Due to this significant improvement, the hours of domestic labour on a woman has diminish a great deal. In spite of this, the commercialisation of products wouldnt apply to everyone. Working class families or women would be able to afford such dearly-won items, however this doesnt quite apply to poorer women and whence they would suffer with longer hours of household chores. This also doesnt take into account who uses these appliances women still load and offload the dishwasher, or wash clothes. Despite having these appliances, it doesnt necessarily mean these jobs are equally share the majority of women still complete them.Consequently, men and women are now becoming more equal when it comes to making decisions as a family. In the past men were off more authority and hence they were the ones that made the more important decisions. Stephen Edgell did a study in 1980 which showed that very important decisions were usually taken by men, important decisions were usually taken jointly however rarely by the wife alone, and lastly less important decisions were usually made by the wife alone. This has changed considerably over the years since the decisions are now shared equally.Pooling (where the couple have access to income and joint responsibility) has increased from 19% to 50% on the other hand, allowance system (where men give their wives and allowance as a weekly budget) has decreased significantly from 36% to 12%. This shows a clear indication of how the roles have changed, although the increase for pooling was very little, we can judge that at long last role will get even. Moreover, we can see from the past that men and women were given gender scripts. Men were seen to be masculine and of higher standard then they would work.This was often referred to as the instrumental role, where men were the providers. Women were viewed as having a role solely in the house where they would do household chores. This was often referred to as the expressive role, where women were the homemakers. Nonetheless this can be argued with the concept of homosexual couples. For example within a lesbian couple, they wouldnt have suited gender scripts and hence would have to negotiate roles equally. Also the idea that now a days men arent the only providers within a family, women also work and hence can provide for themselves as fountainhead as their family.Having considered those points, there are many things to suggest things still need a lot of time in order to improve and become slightly equal. A concept that could argue the progress over the years would be the idea of dual burden which explains the roles women take upon themselves, or in other words are expected to take. Many feminists believe women are now doing two shifts, one at work which is gainful work, and eventually returning home to do unpaid work. They believe men benefit from both works, as they receive a steady income as well as a clean house. Some also claim that women do three shifts, also called the triple shift.This is described as emotional work which is role which is usually related to women. Women have an extra unpaid shift where they return home to take care of the rest of the family, also called as the labour of love. Subsequently, it seems convincing to me that although roles have changed over the years, the change itself is very little because the roles within a family still arent as equal. Despite having the same job opportunities, the job of domestic labour in a household are far from equal. Nonetheless I believe roles will eventually change one day where they will be close to equal. However I think roles will never be fully equal.

Critical Analysis of Quantitative Research Essay Example for Free

Critical Analysis of Quantitative Research EssayThe researchers in this experiment aimed to Investigate the quantitative differentiation of pulmonary dendritic cells in smoker with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) to explore the possible role of dendritic cells in smokers suffering COPD (Yan-wei, Yong-jiang, Xian-sheng, 2010). Dendritic cells (DCs) ar inflammatory cells that are considered to be the promoter of immune responses knowing this the researchers hypothesized that DCs may play an important role in the development of the disease.See more how to economise an depth psychologySubjects were broken into three groups based on an illness gradient (control group, smokers without airflow obstruction, and COPD group as determined by the Chinese Society of respiratory Disease). Samples of alveolar tissue were taken from these three groups and studied using immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning. The results from the e xperiment are portrayed using a one-way analysis of variance, Pearsons r coefficient, graphs, and scatter plots. The conclusion of the data showed that The quantity of the DCs significantly increased in smokers with COPD compared with non-smokers or smokers without COPD (Yan-wei et al., 2010).A critical analysis of this article current a 31.5. The article was well put together and provided many up to date references as resources to give a better understanding of the research. The authors explained their methodologies in neat detail and the production of their data was concise and easy to read. However, the study lacked when it came to representing a diverse population. The study also lacks in terms of providing show up of the consent of the subjects and the evidence of the governing body of the experiment.The research that was done in this experiment allowed scientist to develop new hypotheses concerning dendritic cells and their role in chronic diseases such as COPD. The golf li nks that were made with this research between dendritic cells, lung capacity, and cigarette smoke could potentially be the forefront of new treatments and earlier diagnoses for COPD victims.ReferencesYan-wei, S., Yong-jian, X., Xian-sheng, L. (2010). Quantitative differentiation of dendritic cells in lung tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chinese Medical Journal, 123(12). Retreived from http//www.cmj.org/Periodical/PDF/200481469383420.pdf

Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction

ingredients Affecting client blessednessPurpose The purpose of this paper is to attempt the effect of different overhaul property factors as woodland of viands, music, ambience, waiter do on guest sufficement in a restaurant and to study how the node enjoyment ultimately relates to node loyalty for the restaurant. heading/methodology/approach A questionnaire was given to MBA students of XLRI Jamshedpur in the age group of 21-30 asking questions to assure the different directs of service in the Sonnet restaurant. The results of these questionnaires were analyzed apply factor depth psychology.Findings The factors that atomic number 18 crucial for obtaining guest loyalty are waiter politeness, waiter promptness, space, music and food tincture. The waiter promptness, space, food lineament are part mediate by client satisfaction. Of these factors, music negatively doctors customer loyalty and decreedly affects customer satisfaction. Only waiter promptness, aes thetics, music and food note affect the customer satisfaction. With customer satisfaction as the mediating factor to obtain customer loyalty, we find waiter politeness, waiter promptness, space, music and food quality are solid factors.Research limitations The study was limited only to the patrons of Sonnet, Jamshedpur. The respondents to the survey consisted of students of XLRI Jamshedpur who develop visited Sonnet. Future look whitethorn be through with(p) on number of restaurants instead of a particular restaurant.Future research whitethorn besides be conducted such that the respondents reflect a more heterogeneous group in terms of age, income level and location. The solitary effect of servicescape on the overall satisfaction level for the customer may also be explored in future research.Practical Implication Hoteliers and restaurant operators should try to ascertain which aspect of the service quality is perceived as more important by their patrons. They freighter then focus more to meliorate on these particular aspects as in future these would trinity to more satisfaction for the customer. The customer satisfaction in turn will lead to customer loyalty and thus will increase the overall profit for the organization.Originality/value This paper provides insights into how music affects the satisfaction and loyalty for restaurant patrons. The effect of music on customer loyalty has not been conclusively proved in any research paper so far. The other factors of service quality that affect the satisfaction level and loyalty of a patron of the Sonnet restaurant in Jamshedpur have also been explored to provide a complete picture.Keywords Service Quality, node rejoicing, guest truthIntroductionIn todays fast paced world meals are no longer a very well planned event, on closely make it is an afterthought. The proportion of women in the workforce has increased, As a result women have less time to cook meals at home. Hence there has been an increa se in the trend of eating let on. This results in a flourishing restaurant industry. Like any lucrative industry which attracts a number of players, the restaurant industry is also highly competitive. It is very important to get a recover of this industry from the viewpoint of the customer. It is the customer who makes the final decision of how much to spend and what, when and most importantly where to eat. Thus in order to offer the right service to the customers, restaurant owners and managers need to have a clear consciousness of the factors that influence customer satisfaction. guest comfort guest satisfaction is the state of the fulfillment of the customers expectations from the establishment. When the difference facets of the service provided to the customers exceed the expected level, then the customer is positively satisfied. On the contrary if the perceived level is less than the expected level then the customer may develop negative informations towards the establishm ent. guest homage guest loyalty basically indicates a repeat affirm of the particular facility whose services have already been learnd by the customer. Loyalty consists of both a behavioral dimension as well as an attitudinal dimension. Once a customer has a laborious positive experience with an establishment, he is more likely to be loyal to it which may be exhibited through behavior as repeat championship and recommendation (generally exhibited through positive word of let out).Constituents of service qualityThe different factors of service quality which influence the customer satisfaction level includeMusic The music played at restaurant has a signifi layaboutt impact on the satisfaction level of the customer. Customers are generally more satisfied in an environment playing music they preferred than in an environment of no music. Music may also have an impact on the spending pattern of customers. nutrition Quality Although restaurants have gained splendor as a place for so cializing, food is the essential reason why a customer visits a restaurant. Thus the quality of food and beverages as well as the variety influences the customer satisfaction level. host Service waiters serve as the medium of interaction in the midst of the restaurant owners and the customers. Thus the service provided by the waiters very much forms the image of a restaurant. Careful, pleasant and advertent behavior on the part of the waiter leads to high customer satisfaction.Ambience Ambience ( dcor and artifact, odor, noise level , temperature, spatial layout) forms the impression of the restaurant.Research accent and hypothesisMusic and Customer SatisfactionIt has been often agreed upon by researchers that different aspects of service like ambience and layout affect the experience quality of a customer and thus influence his satisfaction. Music helps in creating the proper ambience in the restaurant and has important role to play in customer satisfaction. Studies in social psychology often indicate that there is a strong correlation between music and the social context in which the customer hears it. This kin can also be extended to the setting of a restaurant. In 1996, North and Hargreaves studied the effect of music on atmosphere in a university cafeteria (North and Hargreaves, 1996). Results suggested that customers liking of the cafeteria increased with their liking for the music played in spite of appearance it. In their research conducted in 1996 North and Hargreaves also found that liking the music in a restaurant had a positive relationship with the customer returning to the establishment in future.According to Stephanie Wilson in her article, The effect of music on perceived atmosphere and purchase intention in a restaurant the music could be apply by restaurants to create the proper atmosphere. This can also be utilize to distinguish itself from the competitors. The research states that the absence of music had the most negative impact on the atmosphere and thus on customer satisfaction. Wilson in her research actually found out that in an environment of no music the respondents were willing to pay the least maximum price. Wilson also found out that the showcase of music played may also have an important bearing on the customers overall experience as well as his spending habits.Ronald Milliman, in his article The Influence of rear endground Music on the Behavior of Restaurant Patrons, has proved that background music can significantly influence the behavior of patrons in a restaurant. This view is supplemented by Smith and Curnow (1966), who have proved that inappropriate, loud music creates an avoidance condition and thus can affect the customer perception about a restaurant negatively. In such cases music actually detracts from the service experience.J. Duncan Herrington and Louis M. Capella in their article Effects of music in service environments have stated that often music can be apply by service provider s in order to a distinctive image in the minds of the customers and thus get a competitive edge. Restaurants can take the aid of music to create an environment which complements their service offerings. Restaurants serving international food can play the music of the particular nation and restaurants serving a particular type of food can also similarly use music. feed and Customer SatisfactionVariety and presentation of food and beverages and quality of the menu are one of the most important factors influencing the customers feelings towards the restaurant. According to Kincaid and Baloglou, in their article What Really brings them Back (2008), this has tremendous practical significance for restaurant operators. It should be made certain(a) that an interesting variety of food and whoop it ups are presented in unique ways. Food and drink quality is very important to the patrons of a restaurant and restaurant operators should ensure that a strict quality control is in place to make sure that only high quality food is being offered to the customers.Andaleeb and Conway in their article Customer satisfaction in the restaurant industry an examination of the transaction-specific model(2006) has also opined that food quality is one of the major components which can be improved in order to enhance customer satisfaction.Hong Qin and Victor R. Prybutok in their research, Perceived service quality in fast-food restaurants empirical evidence from China found that the quality of food was a critical factor in the customers overall level of satisfaction and often influenced the customers decision about selection of a restaurant.Ambience and Customer SatisfactionThe ambience and layout of the establishment has an important role to play in the experience quality of the customer. Bitner (1992) coined a new term servicescape which denoted the physical constituents of a service environment. The different tangible constituents of servicescape such as optimum temperature, noise, f urnishings and layout combine together to influence the customer satisfaction and repeat fend for level. In comparison to other service industries as banks servicescape plays a more important role in service industries as restaurants where the customer spends a greater period of time.Wakefield and Blodgett(1996) proposed a servicescape framework, the service environment comprised of basketball team important factorsProper layout and accessibility of the premises (i.e. how furniture, service area and equipments are organized within the establishment)esthetics of the establishment ( the interior decoration and architectural design)Seating comfortElectronic equipment ( arrangement of displays and lighting and electronic equipment)CleanlinessAll these five factors together had a combined effect on customer satisfaction.As per Grayson and Mc Neill in Using Atmospheric conditions in service retailing, the proper servicescape leads to customer comfort. This comfort has two aspects visi ble comfort and emotional comfort and safety Both these factors together affect the satisfaction level of the customer.Han Ryu in their research The Roles of the Physical Environment, Price Perception, and Customer Satisfaction in Determining Customer Loyalty in the Restaurant Industry had studied the effect of physical environment on customer satisfaction. In the research they categorized the physical environment into dcor and artifacts (which contributed to the attractiveness of the physical environment i.e. floor coverings, wall decorations, pictures, paintings etc), spatial layout (arrangement of objects as furniture and equipment) and ambient conditions (background characteristics as scent, temperature, lighting etc) . The research showed that of all the three dcor and artifacts had the most significant and direct effect on customer satisfaction. The researchers have verbalised their opinion that restaurateurs should give paramount importance to physical elements in the resta urant. These can be used as marketing and operational tools to improve the customer experience and resultantly improve the customer behavior.server Service and Customer SatisfactionHow a patron is actually treated by the waiter in the course of service is also an important parameter which contributes to his satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Even if there is a service failure, a competent employee can take proper actions which can actually lead to service recovery (Bitner and Booms, 1990). Hence waiter and waitresses who serve as a liaison between the restaurant and the customer play the most important role in the success of the establishment.J.D. Pratten in his article The importance of Waiting Staff discusses that poor waiter service may consist of subdued service, serving cold food, spoiling the presentation at the table, causing delay in the carriage of food (as a result of which different dishes at the similar table may arrive at different times) failure to have all the accompa niments as sauces at the table, not having the proper cutlery etc. all of the above occurrences may spoil the experience of a customer thus leading to customer dissatisfaction. A lot of competency and effort is required from the postponement staff to ensure that the experience of the customer is pleasant thus leading to satisfaction.Apart from the basic competencies mentioned above, the personal contact attributes of the waiters and waitresses with the customers including whether the employees were helpful, attentive, prompt, courteous, neat in appearance, and understood customer needs are also very important. Winsted in his study Service Behavior that leads to Satisfied Customers found that the three most important qualities which had a strong correlation with customer satisfaction in a restaurant are careful (.77), attentive (.76) and pleasant (.75).It has been also suggested that managers and owners of restaurants can actually have alter training programs which will enable as well as encourage the employees to improve their service quality. This, coupled with regular tracking of performance can lead to increase in the customer satisfaction level. Pratten in his article Customer satisfaction and waiting staff (2003) emphasizes that the role of waiting staff in customer satisfaction is paramount and thus if this is not recognized and acted upon there will be a loss of business for firms.Customer satisfaction as a Mediating VariableCustomer Satisfaction and LoyaltyIt seems only logical that satisfied customers of any establishment will turn into loyal customers and will grant their patronage again. Researchers have also found that there exists a strong relationship between the two. As per Szymanski and Henard (2001), there are fifteen significant positive correlations between customer satisfaction and loyalty. Bearden and Teel (1986) have also proved that there is a relationship between satisfaction and loyalty. Thus a satisfied customer turns into a loyal one and brings more revenue to the restaurant. Fornell,Rust Dekimpe, in their research The Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Consumer Spending Growth has proved that an increase in customer satisfaction leads to growth in future customer spending.On the other hand, an unsatisfied customer can cause negative word of mouth publicity. He can actually cause other prospective patrons to turn away from a particular restaurant.Smith and Swindyard (1983) found that in case of a service which is consumed by the customer at the spot, the attitude and the satisfaction level of the customer is an excellent predictor of future purchases. Thus extending this if the consumers are satisfied by the service level at a restaurant then it is actually increases the probability of revisit by the customer.Namkung and Young (2007) in their research found out that food quality significantly affects customer satisfaction as well as behavioral intentions and the relationship between customer satisfaction a nd behavioral intentions is mediate by satisfaction.Kivela, Inbakaran and Reece in their research Consumer research in the restaurant environment, Part 1 A conceptual model of dining satisfaction and return patronage (2000) made certain observations related to dining satisfaction and return patronage. The study revealed that satisfaction had a strong positive influence on return patronage .The factors having significant influence on the customer included first and last impressions, service excellence, food excellence and ambience.HypothesesFrom the above literature review, the spare-time activity hypotheses are proposedH1 Waiter service is positively related to Customer loyalty which is mediated by Customer SatisfactionH2 Ambience is positively related to Customer loyalty which is mediated by Customer SatisfactionH3 Music is positively related to Customer loyalty which is mediated by Customer SatisfactionH4 Food quality is positively related to Customer Loyalty which is mediated b y Customer SatisfactionMethodsSampleThe young men and women of age between 21 to 29 old age were place as the target respondent group for the survey. One of the major reasons for choosing this specific respondent group was its availability and ease in communicating to them the questionnaire and acquire the reply. Since majority among this population has visited Hotel Sonnet during their stay in Jamshedpur, Sonnet was chosen as the hotel on which the questions would be based. The questionnaire was floated through a website and the respondents were asked to fill the questionnaire online. To encourage community and increase the number of responses a disclaimer declaring the confidentiality of individual info was assured. A total of 164 respondents filled the questionnaire of which 156 responses were considered for the compend and hypothesis testing. The reasons for not including the rest of the responses were incomplete data set and falling out of our target respondent group.Mea suresBased on the discussion in the above sections a theoretical model was developed and the following constructs were measured using different carapaces.Waiter ServiceFood QualityAmbienceMusicCustomer LoyaltyCustomer SatisfactionWaiter Service, Ambience, Music, and Food Quality are considered as factors that determine Customer Satisfaction which in turn leads to Customer Loyalty.Waiter Service Participants were asked to respond to Likert-type scales of 21 questions. The scale used was adapted from Kivela et al. (1999). The questions framed to assess consumer fellowship are consistent with prior literature. The scoring rule was to assign a numerical value to each of the response ranging from 1= Least Important to 5 = Very Important. doer analysis has been done on the individual responses to determine the factors that constitute waiter service. The appendix reports the questionnaire items used. The content validity for the used scale has been established in the study and since we have used a very similar questionnaire and the scale, the scale can be considered as content valid.Ambience The significance of ambience to an individual has been measured through 20 questions asked in the questionnaire. The scale used was adapted from Kivela et al. (1999). The questions framed to assess consumer knowledge are based on the questions used in the study and the literature review done during the research. The responses were recorded using 5-point Likert-type scales ranging from Least Important to Very Important. Questions asked to ascertain the importance of ambience are present in the questionnaire attached in the appendix. The individual responses were run through factor analysis to obtain the factors that determine the importance of ambience. The scale has been adopted from the aforementioned study and content validity has been established in the study.Music logical implication of music has been measured on a five-point Likert-type scale adapted from Kivela et al (1 999). The individual responses have been subjected to factor analysis to obtain the factors that determine the significance of music. The content validity for the used scale has been established in the study and since we have used a very similar questionnaire and the scale, the scale can be considered as content valid. The appendix reports the questionnaire items used.Food Quality 7 Likert-type scales have been used to determine the importance of food quality to an individual. Factor analysis has been done on these individual responses to get the factors that determine the food quality. The questions have been framed in accordance with the scale used by Kivela et al (1999). The questionnaire attached in the appendix.Customer Loyalty 3 questions of Likert type scales have been used to obtain the responses from the respondents. Factor analysis has been run to obtain the factors comprising the customer satisfaction. Questionnaire used by Kivel et al (1999) has been used and the scale i s content validated. The appendix reports the questionnaire items used.Customer Satisfaction 4 questions have been asked regarding customer satisfaction and factor analysis has been run on this data to obtain the factors affecting customer satisfaction. The questionnaire used is same as one used by Kivela et al (1999). The questionnaire attached in the appendix.AnalysisThe factors for Ambience were found out by running exploratory factor analysis on the 20 items related to Ambience. It was found to contain 2 factors. Similarly the factor analysis was run on Waiter service (21 items), Music (9 items), Food quality (7 items), Customer satisfaction (4 items) and Customer loyalty (3 items) and they were found to contain 2,1,1,1 and 1 factors respectively.The three-step method developed by Erich B. Bergiel, Vinh Q. Nguyen et all for mediation analysis is used in this study. The first step uses Customer loyalty as the criterion variable in the regression equation and the 6 factors identif ied as predictors. The bet on step uses Customer satisfaction as the criterion variable in the regression equation and the 6 factors identified as predictors. The third step uses Customer loyalty as the criterion variable in the regression equation and the 6 factors identified as well as customer satisfaction as the predictors.Initially, multicollinearity was found initially between Customer satisfaction and Customer Loyalty (tolerance of 0.161 and VIF greater than 5 were observed). In order to solve this, a factor analysis with all the items corresponding to the 6 factors, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty were done. The items which were correlated to other factors were eliminated. Thus the items corresponding to the factors were brought down. After this, the three-step method of Erich B. Bergiel was used.ResultsThe following were the factors that were identified and the component scores of items under each factorWaiter serviceWaiter politeness Respects me.928 Uses very polite language.944 Is helpful and understanding.925 Makes me feel comfortable.932Waiter promptness Responds to my comments.882 Is quick to attend and serve.804 Tables were cleaned quickly.780Aesthetics Pleasant fragrance.816 Floor and carpet that are done with aesthetics.816AmbienceSpace Spacious ceiling composition.837 Adequate parking facilities.890 Easily accessible location.854MusicMusic I feel relaxed when my favorite music is being played in the restaurant.799I like it when my friends like the music played in the restaurant.799Food qualityFood quality The food meets the expectations from the description in the menu.787The food is a good value for money.787The KMO of all the above factors were above 0.5 suggesting that the factors were sound. The Bartletts test of sphericity was significant for all the factors. The communality of all the items was above 0.4. The total variance explained was above 60% for all the factors.Varimax rotation was used to ensure homogeneity of ite ms within factors and heterogeneity with other factors.The correlations between the factors are as followsCustomer loyalty factorWaiter Service Factor 1Waiter Service Factor 2Ambience Factor 1Ambience Factor 2Music FactorFood FactorCustomer Satisfaction FactorCustomer loyalty factor1.000Waiter Service Factor 1.6321.000Waiter Service Factor 2.561.1801.000Ambience Factor 1.712.779.4401.000Ambience Factor 2.431.287.452.4101.000Music Factor.349.489.455.614.4141.000Food Factor.670.596.551.673.456.5421.000Customer Satisfaction Factor.665.400.683.580.494.559.6581.000All the above correlations were significant at 0.01 levels. fixation AnalysisRegression analysis has been carried out with the following six identified factors on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as the mediating variable.Waiter PolitenessWaiter punctualityPhysical SpaceAestheticsMusicFoodStep 1 Regression of the factors on Customer LoyaltyModel 1Unstandardized CoefficientsStandardized CoefficientsSig.Collinearity S tatisticsB importantTolerance(Constant)3.731.000Waiter Politeness.358.330.000.327Waiter punctuality.390.360.000.537Physical Space.359.331.000.269Aesthetics.092.084.118.708Music-.341-.314.000.557Food.200.184.010.411R SquareAdjusted R Square.696.684The above table shows the results of regression with the six mentioned factors as independent variables and Customer Loyalty as dependent variable. The value of R square is 0.696 shows positive correlation between the six factors together and Customer Loyalty. The inference from Value of Beta and Significance is as followsWaiter Politeness on Customer LoyaltySignificance of 0.00 and Beta of 0.33 shows that Waiter Politeness affects Customer Loyalty positively.Waiter Promptness on Customer LoyaltySignificance of 0.00 and Beta of 0.36 shows that Waiter Promptness affects Customer Loyalty positively.Space on Customer LoyaltySignificance of 0.00 and Beta of 0.331 shows that Restaurant Space affects Customer Loyalty positively.Aesthetics on Cus tomer LoyaltySignificance of 0.118 is higher than a threshold of 0.05, which indicates that this has insignificant effect on Customer Loyalty.Music on Customer LoyaltySignificance of 0 and Beta of -0.314 shows that Music affects Customer Loyalty negatively.Food on Customer LoyaltySignificance of 0.01 and Beta of 0.184 indicates that Food affects Customer Loyalty partially.Step 2 Regression of the factors on Customer SatisfactionUnstandardized CoefficientsStandardized CoefficientsSig.Collinearity StatisticsBBetaTolerance(Constant).0001.000Waiter Politeness-.014-.014.872.327Waiter Promptness.384.384.000.537Physical Space.132.132.175.269Aesthetics.103.103.089.708Music.134.134.050.557Food.246.246.002.411R SquareAdjusted R Square.621.606The above table shows the results of regression with the six mentioned factors as independent variables and Customer Satisfaction as dependent variable. The value of R square is 0.788 shows positive correlation between the six factors together and Custome r Satisfaction. The inference from Value of Beta and Significance is as followsWaiter Politeness on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0.872 shows that Waiter politeness on Customer Satisfaction is not significant. This indicates that the impact of Waiter Politeness on Customer Satisfaction is insignificant.Waiter Promptness on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0 and Beta of 0.384 shows that Waiter Promptness affects Customer Satisfaction positively.Space on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0.175 is higher than a threshold of 0.05, which means that we cannot comment on the effect of Space on Customer SatisfactionAesthetics on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0.89 and Beta of 0.103 shows that Aesthetics affects Customer Satisfaction positively.Music on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0.05 and Beta of -0.134 shows that Music affects Customer Satisfaction partially in a positive manner.Food on Customer SatisfactionSignificance of 0.002 and Beta of 0.246 indicates that Food affects Customer Satisfaction partially in a positive manner.Step 3 Regression of the 6 factors and the mediating variable (Customer Satisfaction) on Customer LoyaltyUnstandardi

Screening of Non Target Compounds in Wastewater Samples

Screening of Non Target Compounds in Wastewater SamplesReportSince October 2012, I have worked in a sp atomic number 18 project about Elimination of pharmaceuticals and organic melds Development of concepts and novel, cheap cleaning procedures Formation of metabolites by ozonoation. It was a kind of training for me and a special key for my PhD work. We are interested in screening of non target compounds in wastewater samples. Wastewater samples are collected from different wastewater treatment plants at different treatment points. For example before ozonation, afterward ozonation and after biological treatment steps. These compounds are chicken outed by solid phase extraction (SPE) method employ certain solid material (OASIS HLB). This kind of SPE is suitable to extract hydrophilic and lipophilic analytes. We did several steps to extract those compounds using different procedures and different analyzing tools. We apply HPLC-UV, LC-MS and GC-MS to analyze the extracted compoun ds. The toxicological tests are achieved for for each one sample in order to discover the efficiency of wastewater treatment and the effect of treatment to obtain rising unknown transformation products.In this project, I learned so numerous things likeHow to validate and develop a method to extract north-polar and non polar compounds from wastewater matrixes using certain SPE steps.How to choose the best solid phase materials to extract a wide range polarity of chemical compounds in wastewater matrixes.Getting the principles for handling of different analytical instruments to validate specific methods and to analyze the extracted compounds.Taking enough time to review the statistical principles which are necessary to meet the optimum ways for treatment.Achieving the possibilities to analyze the output data and comparing different procedures to find out the best one(a) for analysis.Combining chemistry with biology in order to evaluate the toxicological estimates and to know the best wastewater treatment step.Now, I am working on developing a method to extract the following six compounds from water matrixCatechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid, p-Benzoquinone, 1H-Benzotriazole, p-Nitrophenol and 2,6-Dichloraniline.Catechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid and p-Benzoquinone are transformation products generated after treatment of the parent compound (Bisphenol A) with ozone in aqueous firmness (water). Bisphenol A (BPA) belongs to the numerous anthropogenic compounds considered as endocrine disruptors. Although less estrogenic toward aquatic organisms than natural hormones, BPA has been reported to be able to induce feminization phenomena in sundry(a) species of animals. BPA is commonly used for the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It is also used as stabilizer or antioxidant for numerous types of plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). BPA is detected with a high-pitched frequency in surface waters.1H-Benzotriazole has been found in wast ewater and the subsequently impacted surface water. This compound is employed to prevent metal corrosion and as UV-inhibitors, and found to use in applications such as airplane deicing fluids, dishwashing detergents, and plastic formulations.p-Nitrophenol is degradation product generated throughout the ozonation process of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole. Sulfamethoxazole in combination with trimethoprim is used to treat a wide range of human diseases, such as urinary and respiratory tract infections. There are many publications that have reported about the presence of this antibiotic drug in sewage treatment plants, hospital effluents and rivers. Besides, this compound might be expected to be present in groundwater, because the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole is also applied to animals as growth promoter.2,6-Dichloraniline is a metabolite produced after ozonational step of the drug diclofenac in aqueous solution. Diclofenac is one of the most commonly used pain killers. It is used to t reat painful conditions such as arthritis, sprains and strains, gout, migraine, dental pain, and pain after surgical ope dimensionns. There are many articles that have reported about the presence of this drug in sewage treatment plants.First step, I prepared different standard solutions for each compound, then validated and developed a method to analyze these compounds by using HPLC-UV instrument. A mixture of methanol and water (pH=2) are used at certain progress time and different ratios to obtain the best LC chromatogram with good separation and resolution for each compound in the mixture. The maximum wavelength () for each compound is known by using UV-spectrophotometer.Table (1) summarizes the information obtained after analyzing my target compounds by HPLC-UV.Table 1 mettle Retention time tR (min) (nm)Catechol (1)26.35278t,t-Muconic acid (2)28.43278p-Benzoquinone (3)30.462781H-Benzotriazole (4)34.42278p-Nitrophenol (5)39.892282,6-Dichloraniline (6)48.04228 common fig tree (1) shows the HPLC-UV chromatogram (relative response in mV vs. tR) for a mixture of six compounds in one prepared stock solution.5 6Figure 1 2 4 1 3In order to develop a method to analyze the target compounds the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) should be work out in order to know the sensitivity of HPLC-UV instrument towards each compound.The LOD value for each compound was calculated from a chromatogram on the basis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 3.The LOQ value for each compound was calculated from a chromatogram on the basis of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 10.Table (2) shows the values of LOD and LOQ for each compound.Table 2Substance LOD(ng/L) LOQ(ng/L)Catechol (1)8.829.3t,t-Muconic acid (2)1.24.0p-Benzoquinone (3)6.321.01H-Benzotriazole (4)8.528.3p-Nitrophenol (5)27.491.32,6-Dichloraniline (6)18.060.0For linearity and statistical evaluation, I prepared mixture solutions of six compounds at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.55, 0.7, 0.85 and 1. 0 mg/L.Table (3) shows the statistical data for the prepared stock solution of 0.7 mg/L.Table 3Substance % Relative response Correlation coefficient (r)Catechol (1)1000.999t,t-Muconic acid (2)1010.999p-Benzoquinone (3)1060.9991H-Benzotriazole (4)1000.999p-Nitrophenol (5)1000.9992,6-Dichloraniline (6)1040.999The linearity at my working range is shown as followsNow I am working in developing a preparation method to extract these compounds from water matrix by using different solid phase materials. Up to now, I tried two types of solid phase cartridges OASIS HLB and SPEED DISK cartridges. Its sight that OASIS HLB gave higher recovery than SPEED DISK.In order to find out the best solid phase material, I will try many types of SPE.After finishing this step, I will develop a method to extract and analyze about 30 chosen chemical compounds which are produced after the ozonation process of pharmaceutical and parent compounds in water matrix. These compounds will beDiclofenac, 2,6-Dichloroa niline, Metoprolol, Sulfamethoxazole, 4-nitrophenol, Bisphenol A, Catechol, trans,trans-Muconic acid, cis,cis-Muconic acid, p-Benzoquinone, Ciprofloxacin, Paracetamol, 1,2,4-Benzenetriol, Oxalic acid, Succinic acid, Malic acid, Malonic acid, Oxaloacetic acid, Hydroquinone, Maleic acid, EDTA, Glyoxylic acid, Formaldehyde, Carbamazepine, Glyoxylic acid, Oxamic acid and 1H-Benzotriazole.

The Importance Of Play Children And Young People Essay

The Importance Of Play Children And Young People EssayThe central interest of this essay is to evaluate the role of bidding in relation to language and colloquy skill. Developmental psychology is the main source to explore and explain this unique interrelation, because it offers vital information about the human behavior. For this creator several phylogenesisal theories occur from many scientists such as Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, Sigmunt Freud, Albert Bandura and other contemporary scientists, who managed to clarify the aspects of child development from different perspectives.Initially, this essay illustrates the vastness of sportsman by describing its categories. Play theories be briefly demonstrated and divided up into classical and contemporary. Thereafter, it mentions the char causeeristics of language by means of the aspects of two respectful scientists, Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget, in ordination to understand the correlation among language and wanton away develo pment. It illustrates the existence of nine basic communicational skills and why non-verbal and verbal communication is so important. Also, this essay analyzes inquiry which explains the direct relation between act upon, language and communication. Through detailed references, the idea that the role of play is salient in childs development is supported. Next illustrates the importance of finger, mimic and rhyme play to explain that even the most common games possess a significant role in language development. Last precisely non least, analyzes how play reinforces the literacy development and finally demonstrates the opinion of the writer.The Importance of PlayArguably, play is a vital part of the development of children which has many implications in their lives. Despite the hindrance of referring a commonly accepted definition, play is a vital part of the developing child (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011). It is a fundamental action which occurs throughout childrens life and is divided to two categories, free play and incorporate play. Precisely, free play is an action where the child can choose the rules and the form of play, without the participation and the engagement of an adult. Hence, the child becomes the attractor of the play (Tassoni Hucker, 2000).On the other hand, structured play is defined as an action which is directed by adults. Many interrogationers have claimed that free play offers much(prenominal) than opportunities to children for learning than the second category does. At the same time, at that place argon proponents of this view and others who do non adopt this notion. For this reason, Thomas, Howard and Miles proved by a survey they conducted, that free play, in other words playful mode play, is capable of fostering childrens mogul of learning. They state that through this mode childrens communication is benefited, because that playfulness creates the efficacy of enhancing miscellaneous types of behaviors. As a result, educational settings use this method to foster childrens language and communication development (McInnes, Howard, Miles Crowley, 2009).It is of importance to mention that there are play theories which are separated into two categories, classical and modern theories of play. Concisely, classical theories consist of the Surplus Energy guess, Recreational or Relaxation Theory, Pre-exercise Theory and the Recapitulation Theory of play (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011 Stagnitti, 2004 Tassoni Hucker, 2000). Modern theories concluded by the Arousal Modulation Theories of Play, the Psychodynamic Theories of Play, the Cognitive Developmental Theories of Play and the Sociocultural theories of Play. The last category is divided into two sub-categories which are the Play as Socialization and the Metacommunicative Theory (Stagnitti, 2004). Moreover, there are louvre types of play, which are cited as physical play, play with objects, symbolic play, socio-dramatic/pretence play and games w ith rules (Whitebread, 2012).The to a higher place five types of play help children to go ballistic their abilities not only in language and communication domain, but also in the physical, cognitive, social and emotional development (Sheridan Howard Aldelson, 2011). harmonise to the constant evolution of language and communication, play and its benefits in this domain must be analyzed in depth, in put to evaluate childrens developmental potentials through play.Language and CommunicationLanguage is a strong communication scratch (Moyles, 1989) which fosters childrens abilities. Through language we can live the past again, evaluate the prox and use this vital apparatus when we face complex situations (Crain, 2000). Also, many developmental theorists tried to explain, how children adopt primal abilities as they grow up and some of them, gave special(a) emphasize to the language and communication development and how is related to play. They evaluate childrens development from birth to adulthood.Vygotsky, claimed by his social constructivism theory, that language is the cultural tool which facilitates the processes of thinking and learning. It was his tighten belief that children must comprehend language, in order to interact in the society. Hence, according to Vygotsky, play and language are interrelated (Moyles, 2005). Due to the fact that through play children master communication skills, they interpret the use of objects and imitate the attitudes and the habits of adults (Gray MacBlain, 2012). In addition, he stated that children gain knowledge when they participate in social communication and consequently, they adopt new meanings. Therefore, according to Vygotsky, children act in the zone of proximal development (Whitebread, 1996), which means that ein truth child has limited potential when accomplishing an activity but he can expand his skills with a suitable help (Lindon, 2001).However, some other respectful scientist did not lay emphasis, as Vy gotsky did, on the importance of language during childrens development. Piaget, a Swiss scientist, stated that language mechanism is used by the young child only to express some basic satisfactions and not to foster more complex functions such as thought and logic (Gray MacBlain, 2012). Furthermore, Piagets opinions did not promote childrens abilities instead he undervalued them, by applying activities that were too complex for children competences (Whitebread, 1996). On the contrary, some scientists manage that childrens thought, started to function logically as they learn how to use language. This happens because language skills are difficult to be assimilated by young children, but when this gradually occurs, logic develops (Crain, 2000). Nevertheless, Piaget did not support the above notion by mentioning that logic derives from actions (Gray MacBlain, 2012).On the grounds that language is an integral part of communication, it is important to pinpoint some of the skills that c hildren develop in this domain. In other words there are nine basic communication skills.Initially, children learn to request reinforcement, to request assistance, to accept and reject offers. Furthermore, they respond to the order wait or no, they respond to directions, follow a schedule and finally they are able to do a transition from one place to another (Frost Bondy, 2011). For instance, when children represent to be a patient in a hospital, they learn when they have to wait their turn in order to be examined by the physician and they give order such as wait, stay, come.Communication is a complex function. Before the process of words, children can communicate in a high take aim before adopting language production and language comprehension (Sheridan Sharma Cockerill, 2008). The above aspect describes the non-verbal communication type which is very important. Newborn babies communicate non-verbally to express their needs. Facial expressions, ashes language, proto-sounds and perception of feelings are the attributes of non-verbal communication (Whitehead, 1999).Hence, adults start to communicate with children initially non-verbally and secondly verbally. Research argues that conversation between children and adults which contains a large number of open questions is substantial because children have the opportunity to respond with spoken language. In other words, when children feel that they are active participants in an adult-child conversation, they feel playful which is salient for the development of language. (Howard McInnes, 2012). fosterage Language and Communication Skills through PlayTo begin with, studies have proved that there is a strong connection between language and play. A research which had taken place in Japan in 1989, showed remarkable signs that play and language are correlated with each other. Specifically, the quartet children who participated in this research, were observed xx times each in a free play mode, where the indivi dual had a passive role. The intention of the instruction was to analyze early language development and play development (Ogura, 1991). Thus, six features of language were illustrated in order to analyze the findings wear out. These were the emergence of first words, naming words, vocabulary spurts, word-chains, nonproductive two word utterances and the emergence of productive two-word utterances (Ogura, 1991 p.278). Furthermore, that research divided play to thirteen subcategories. The findings showed that children managed to obtain the ability of naming words because they had been involved in preverbal communication. Also, children began to name objects when conventional naming act category of play appeared. Furthermore, words and sounds have a strong relationship each other. It was proved that children through the functional comparative manipulation play and the container relational manipulation play, managed to adopt the above important function and the production of first wo rds as well. Moreover, it was stated that the early language development is related to the subsitutional play. Also, this study illustrated that the environment is a major factor in the development of the symbolic play. As a result, language is being influenced by the social interaction. Moreover, childrens vocabulary spurts appeared with the subsitutional play. Word-chains appeared when pretend doll play, subsitutional play and pretend other play took place during the observations. In addition, the fifth language category derived in parallel with planned play and combinational symbolic play. The last language category was related to planned play (Ogura, 1991). Undoubtedly, this paper shows the unique interrelation between language development and play.Researchers evaluated the connection between symbolic play with play materials and symbolic play with play situation. Firstly, during childrens play with unstructured play materials, they found that children who are at the age of thre e to four years old could imitate the activities of adults. However, in structured play children were able not only to imitate but also to participate slightly in role play. At the age of four to five years old childrens unstructured play evolved and they started to express questions and ideas with the mediate tool of spoken language. On the contrary, in structured play they used more conversation. This study showed that in the first type of play children at the age of five to six used their automobile trunk language and voice to clarify a situation. Also, both in structured and unstructured play, children preferred to play in sex groups. We can notice that structured materials are better for younger children because they do not offer limitations in their ideas while playing. In other words, younger children need to enhance their expressive ideas by playing with structured play materials to be adequately prepared for school (Umek Musek, 2001).At the same time, symbolic play relate d to play situation showed that phonetic imitation (Umek Musek, 2001 p. 61) is promoted and that at the age of four children use social speech. Moreover, they use social markers, in order to speak like adults (Ervin-Tripp, 1973). Later, at the age of five children used metacommunication in their play. Metacommunication is very important because children can discuss about play. They stop in order to negotiate the next step of the game. Indeed, it promotes dialogue among peers. It is very important because it can be used as scaffolding to childrens language development (Andersen, 2005). According to this study, metacommunication levels are higher when children are older. Moreover, the same study proposes that is better and more helpful for children to play in mixed groups rather than in groups based solely on their age. Hence, children can play in the zone of proximal development. Therefore, they foster their language and communication skills. Again, this study shows us that play whi ch is depended whether from materials or situation is correlated with language development.Apart from the above studies there are play activities which enhance language and communication skills. For instance, children are benefited by mime because they develop an alternative thought. This occurs by observing a diversity of individuals demonstrating their thoughts. Consequently, they can think more complicated situations and they are able to express their ideas with an enriched vocabulary. Furthermore, finger play helps children to the counting process (Woodard Milch, 2012). Moreover, rhymes can provide many opportunities in children to enhance their language skills. According to a study, rhyme awareness helps children to recognize phonemes which are very important for reading skills. The sensitivity to rhyme enables children to group words together with the same recite features (Bryant MacLean Bradley Crossland, 1990).Play fosters LiteracyVygotsky evaluated the role of make-bel ieve play in children development and he argued that literacy is enhanced by play. He describes that children initially act spontaneously when they play, and the process of learning happens with their will. On the contrary, when children go to school they must change their behaviors to a planned and a structured environment. Vygotsky stated that make-believe play is the important mediate tool for children to adopt written language and to succeed in school (Roskos Christie, 2007).Furthermore, drawing is considerable as a necessary action for children. Research has shown that children can expand their graphic vocabularies and they can represent their meanings, which means that through drawing communication is enhanced (Whitebread, 2012). Besides, Vygotskys research has shown that drawings in the early childhood are connected with the ability of writing and spoken language, which means that the meaning of childrens drawings is not only the drawing as a picture but the drawing as an ex pressive tool of their thoughts (Roskos Christie, 2007).In conclusion, it is worth mentioning, that in childrens play the repetition and the renaming of play materials fosters the ability of the direct relation between words and the objects they portray. The above function is called metalinguistic awareness and it has been proved that it is necessary for written language (Roskos Christie, 2007 p.193).ConclusionsIt is clear, therefore, that the above essay illustrated the direct correlation between play, language and communication. Despite the fact that, it has been proven that play fosters the learning process, there are still opponents of this view, who state that formal learning strategies are better than playful approaches. However, this essay contradicts the notion of formal learning methods by supporting the opinion, that play does enhance language and communication by citing adequate bibliography to prove that. Children can reach high standards in the learning process of la nguage because during play they are motivated and are not possessed with the feeling of fear (McInnes et al., 2009).To sum up, due to the fact that play has been decreased from school settings, it is salient to ensure that play must exist in the preschool and in the first school years of a child, because a child is always above his average age, above his day-after-day behavior in play it is as though he were a head taller than himself (Roskos Christie, 2007 p.199).

The Changes in Frank and Rita in Act Two :: Educating Rita Social Class Literature Essays

The Changes in open and Rita in Act TwoHow does Russell present the changes in Frank and Rita in act 2,scenes 2-6?Rita originally Its that stupid bleedn enshroud on that door, you wannaget it fixed. Rita now Frank, youre not in any fit state for atutorial Frank before Its suppositional to embrace a more comprehensivestudentship. Frank now Pissed? I was glorious I strike down off therostrum twice. As substantially as these changes, I will illustrate many otherdramatic changes and role retroversions that have taken step to the fore between thecharacters of Rita and Frank in the go away few scenes of the play.Firstly with the stage direction RITA, WHO IS SITTING COMFORTABLY INTHE ARMCHAIR. Russell has shown us that Rita is now the amend charr she first set out to be. This is understandably portrayed with the wordARMCHAIR as this object symbolises cleverness itself, as well asthis by Rita being well-off in this environment it shows theaudience that Rita has settled into her n ew liveliness style. Because ofthis they would be impressed, as Rita has gone from a commonun educate person, to a highly educated and a very unique merciful being.Russells message here to us all is that you can achieve many thingsif you just put your mind to it. as well as with Frank who is outside his own room, Russell shows him as avery drunk, vulgar individual, Sod them, no fuck them fuck them ehRita. Firstly this shows the main role reversal of Rita and Frank.Rita has become a highly educated character while Frank has become acommon abusive yob. So by this the audience would be disappointed inFrank who is a professor that is thought upon as polite, well manneredand gracious, this is a classic stereotype. Russell also suggests thatbecause of this certain craves in life can change your attitude (e.g.alcohol) and constrain you commit things you may regret.As well as this, with the quote You didnt tell me Russell presentsFrank as an obsess lover. Which is a completely different indicateinstead of the expected teacher pupil register. Also as well as beingobsessed, it shows the audience that he indigences to be with her alwaysand seems to never want her out of his sight. The audience would feeluncomfortable as a teacher is so concerned by a pupils social life.So by this I imagine that Russell is suggesting that fondness forsomeone can come in many forms that are not thought upon at first.To add to this, Frank uses this following quote after has offered hisThe Changes in Frank and Rita in Act Two Educating Rita Social Class lit EssaysThe Changes in Frank and Rita in Act TwoHow does Russell present the changes in Frank and Rita in act 2,scenes 2-6?Rita before Its that stupid bleedn handle on that door, you wannaget it fixed. Rita now Frank, youre not in any fit state for atutorial Frank before Its supposed to embrace a more comprehensivestudentship. Frank now Pissed? I was glorious I fell off therostrum twice. As well as these changes, I will illustrate many otherdramatic changes and role reversals that have taken place between thecharacters of Rita and Frank in the last few scenes of the play.Firstly with the stage direction RITA, WHO IS SITTING COMFORTABLY INTHE ARMCHAIR. Russell has shown us that Rita is now the educatedwoman she first set out to be. This is clearly portrayed with the wordARMCHAIR as this object symbolises cleverness itself, as well asthis by Rita being COMFORTABLE in this environment it shows theaudience that Rita has settled into her new life style. Because ofthis they would be impressed, as Rita has gone from a commonuneducated person, to a highly educated and a very unique human being.Russells message here to us all is that you can achieve many thingsif you just put your mind to it.Also with Frank who is outside his own room, Russell shows him as avery drunk, vulgar individual, Sod them, no fuck them fuck them ehRita. Firstly this shows the main role reversal of Rita and Frank.Rita has become a highly educat ed character while Frank has become acommon abusive yob. So by this the audience would be disappointed inFrank who is a professor that is thought upon as polite, well manneredand gracious, this is a classic stereotype. Russell also suggests thatbecause of this certain craves in life can change your attitude (e.g.alcohol) and make you commit things you may regret.As well as this, with the quote You didnt tell me Russell presentsFrank as an obsessed lover. Which is a completely different registerinstead of the expected teacher pupil register. Also as well as beingobsessed, it shows the audience that he wants to be with her alwaysand seems to never want her out of his sight. The audience would feeluncomfortable as a teacher is so concerned by a pupils social life.So by this I imagine that Russell is suggesting that fondness forsomeone can come in many forms that are not thought upon at first.To add to this, Frank uses this following quote after has offered his

Comparing the Moral Superiority of Grendel and Frankenstein :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing the Moral Superiority of Grendel and Frankenstein Seeking friends, they found enemies seeking hope, they found hate. cordial outcasts simply want to live as the rest of us live. Often, in our prejudice of their kind, we banish them from our elite conjunction. Regardless of our personal perspective, society judges who is acceptable and who is not. Some of the greatest people of all time have been socially unacceptable. Van Gogh found comfort only in his art, and with a adult female who consistently denied his passion. Edgar Allen Poe was considered different - to say the least. These great men, as well as Grendel and Frankenstein, do not fit into society. Also like these men, Grendel and Frankenstein are uniquely skipper to the rest of mankind. Their superiority is seen through their guile to live in a society that ostracizes their kind, their true heroism in place of societys romantic view, and the ignorance on which societys thinking of them is formed. Grendel, tho ugh he needs to kill to do so, functions very well in his own sphere. Grendel survives in a hostile climate where he is despised and feared by all. He lives in a cave protected by firesnakes so as to physically, as well as spiritually, separate himself from the society that detests, that admires, him. Grendel is the brute existent by which humankind learns to define itself(Gardner 73). Hrothgars thanes continually try to extinguish Grendels infernal rage, while he simply wishes to live in harmony with them. wish Grendel, Frankenstein also learns to live in a society that despises his kind. Frankenstein also must kill, but this is only in response to the peoples abhorrence of him. Ironically, the very doctor who standard of measurement him now searches the globe seeking Frankensteins destruction. Even the ever-loving paternal figure now turns away from this outcast from society. Frankenstein journeys to the far reaches of the world to escape from the societal ills that cause so ciety to hate him. He ventures to the harshest, most desolate, most uninhabitable place known to man, the north pole. He lives in isolation, in the cold acceptance of the icy glaciers. Still, Dr. Frankenstein follows, button his creation to the edge of the world, hoping he would fall off, never to be seen or heard from again. Frankenstein flees from his father until the Doctors death, where Frankenstein joins his father in the perpetual, silent acceptance of death.